Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the immune system destroys pancreatic cells that make insulin. Type 2 involves insulin resistance: cells stop responding to insulin, and the pancreas eventually produces less. Both leave glucose stuck in the bloodstream instead of powering cells.
When it comes to diabetes, the main issue with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is that the body isn't able to get the insulin it needs to convert glucose into energy to be used. This causes the blood glucose level to rise but that glucose in the blood is ultimately not being able to be used for energy. Type 1 diabetes is actually caused by an autoimmune disorder where the body itself is destroying the insulin producing cells in the pancreas, the beta cells. When the beta cells are destroyed, the pancreas can' insulin. Now in type 2 diabetes the cells stop responding to insulin which is also called insulin resistance. The blood sugar level has been high for so long and the insulin isn't able to keep up so this can also lead to the pancreas decreasing its insulin production. This will result in a high blood glucose level and the body stops responding to the insulin available. So the cells won't be able to use that glucose for energy because the cells aren't responding to insulin.
