Derek Cole explains why closing your house vents damages your HVAC system. Air that enters must exit through return ducts, and blocking vents forces the system to pull unconditioned air from outside or crawl spaces, killing efficiency.
Chapters
Never, ever, ever close the vents off in your house. Your house is made and designed to condition with those amounts of grills or runs in that room or in that space. You can close the door if you have enough room for the air to get back to the return. What goes in must come out. Same thing here with air. If it goes into the house, it must come back to the return. Air is like water. Again, it's going to get the air. You want to get it clean conditioned air versus air from outside, crawl space, through the walls. So the reason you have vents on the outside of your house is because it's trying to take care of that perimeter. So if you close it off, you're causing more and more problems.