
0:45
A brief educational monologue by Dr. Charles Mok explaining that ovarian hormone production (including testosterone) declines and becomes erratic with age and repeated menses approaching menopause. The speaker states that ovaries produce most testosterone which is converted into estrogen, notes women aged ~20–50 have about 20 times more testosterone than estrogen, and discusses observational evidence from other countries where combined testosterone and estrogen therapy was associated with lower breast cancer in non-trial settings, motivating inclusion of testosterone in some HRT regimens.










