Uncomfortable vs. Avoidance: The Bystander Zones Impacting Workplace Well-being

In this monologue, Jessica Hickman explains two distinct zones that people occupy when witnessing workplace bullying. The "uncomfortable zone" is characterized by high awareness of toxic behavior—often felt physically as a gut reaction—but limited capability, training, confidence, or support to intervene, especially when the perpetrator holds power. She illustrates this with personal experience of a toxic culture where colleagues would physically tense up or leave the room when the bully entered. The "avoidance zone" follows when individuals, feeling unable to challenge the status quo, retreat into a bystander mindset, opting not to act. Hickman highlights how leadership’s lack of guidance and the power dynamics of senior perpetrators exacerbate these zones, leaving employees stuck between discomfort and avoidance.










