Analyse Factorielle Multiple - AFM - (cours 4/4) : groupe qualitatifs, groupes de fréquences

5 Jan 2016 · 17 min
16:35

In this fourth part of the multiple factor analysis (AFM/MFA) course, the lecturer explains how to extend AFM to handle groups of qualitative variables and groups that are contingency tables, and how to interpret the resulting structures. The methodology mirrors that used for quantitative groups, but each qualitative group is analysed with a correspondence analysis (ACM) and weighted by its first eigenvalue. Specific graphical outputs are introduced: the individuals‑modalities map (identical to ACM), superimposed representations, the groups map, partial axes and partial points maps. The lecture details how to balance the influence of groups, how to treat mixed data (quantitative + qualitative) and how to compute contributions, quality of representation (cos²), and statistical tests (ANOVA, Student) for both quantitative and qualitative variables. Several applied examples are presented – wine sensory data with expert and student juries, consumer preference scores, textual surveys across countries, and ecological site‑species tables over years – illustrating the interpretation of group similarity, partial representations, and the link between preferences and sensory descriptions. The session concludes with a step‑by‑step workflow for performing an AFM, guidance on choosing active versus supplementary groups, scaling decisions, selecting the number of axes, and using the FactoMineR MFA function, which implements all described features. The overall message is that AFM is a versatile multi‑table method that balances heterogeneous data sources and provides rich, specific visual tools for comparative interpretation.

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