Ancien cours d'analyse des correspondances : données et modèle d'indépendance (partie 1/5)

2 Dec 2014 · 15 min
15:05

This video introduces the first part of a five‑lecture series on correspondence analysis (CA) by Jérôme Pagès. It begins by defining the data structure used in CA – a contingency table that cross‑classifies two qualitative variables – and presents diverse examples (literary vocabularies, perfume‑word associations, ecological species counts). The lecture then uses a historic 1974 CREDOC survey of 1 724 French women (questions on ideal family and mother’s activity) to illustrate how margins, joint and marginal probabilities are derived from the table. The independence model for two categorical variables is explained, together with the chi‑square test for significance and the Φ² statistic that measures the intensity of association independent of sample size. The core of CA is presented as a comparison of row (or column) profiles – conditional probability distributions – with the overall marginal profile, highlighting the multidimensional nature of the deviation from independence. Finally, the geometric perspective is introduced: rows and columns are represented as points in a cloud, projected onto low‑dimensional factor planes using factorial analysis, with discussion of inertia, barycentric properties, and interpretative aids such as contributions and representation quality. The video ends by previewing the next session on visualising these deviations.

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