Apprendre le HTML (1/4) - Conteneurs, images, liens hypertextes et listes

10 Oct 2018 · 19 min
18:45

In this French‑language tutorial, the instructor walks through the essential building blocks of an HTML page. Starting with the creation of a basic index.html file, they explain the DOCTYPE declaration, the <html> element with a lang attribute, and the <head> section containing a <title> and a UTF‑8 <meta charset>. The <body> is introduced as the visible part of the page. The lesson then covers simple text‑formatting tags (b, i, u, s) and heading elements (h1–h6), describing their default size and boldness. The concept of block versus inline elements is illustrated with <p>, <div>, and <span>, highlighting semantic differences and the upcoming HTML5 semantic tags. The deprecated <font> tag is shown and its obsolescence explained, emphasizing that visual styling should be done with CSS. The instructor demonstrates how to embed images using <img>, covering the src attribute, relative versus absolute paths, the mandatory alt attribute (including its SEO relevance), and width/height attributes with aspect‑ratio considerations. Hyperlinks are created with <a>, showing the href attribute, the target=_blank option for opening links in new tabs, and using images as clickable anchors. Finally, the construction of lists is covered: unordered lists (<ul>) with <li> items and type variations (disk, circle, square), ordered lists (<ol>) with numeric, alphabetic, and Roman numeral types, and the start attribute to set a custom initial index. Throughout, the instructor stresses that HTML defines structure and content while CSS handles presentation, advising learners not to rely on HTML for design.

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