Code BCD - Binary Coded Decimal

22 Oct 2024 · 5 min
5:05

In this French instructional video, the presenter explains the Binary‑Coded Decimal (BCD) system. He outlines its historical origin in the 1960s, defines BCD as a method that encodes each decimal digit separately on 4 bits, and details the straightforward mapping from decimal digits 0‑9 to their 4‑bit binary equivalents. The speaker demonstrates the encoding process with several examples (85 → 10000101, 297 → 001010010111, 13 → 00010011) and explains the general rule that the BCD length equals 4 × (number of decimal digits). He discusses the inefficiency of BCD compared to natural binary—unused 4‑bit patterns such as 1101—and why the extra bits are acceptable for easier human reading and certain technical contexts (digital displays, communication protocols). The video also mentions that arithmetic can be performed on BCD numbers, but introduces the Excess‑3 (XS3) variant, where 3 is added to each digit before binary encoding, facilitating signed‑number representation (example: 87 → 10111010 in XS3). The presenter concludes by emphasizing that understanding basic BCD is the goal, while XS3 is a useful extension for more complex operations.

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