Cours sur les plans orthogonaux et plans optimaux

16 Apr 2020 · 44 min
44:05

The lecture presents a comprehensive overview of advanced experimental design techniques beyond standard fractional factorial and response surface designs. It begins by distinguishing symmetric designs (all factors have the same number of levels) from asymmetric designs, introducing Latin squares for three‑factor, equal‑level experiments and detailing their construction, orthogonal main‑effect properties, and limitations regarding interaction estimation. The concept of Mutually Orthogonal Latin Squares (MOLS) and Graeco‑Latin squares is explained, including existence criteria (prime or prime‑power number of levels) and how they enable the study of many factors. The speaker discusses design resolution (R3, R4, R5) and how it governs which effects can be estimated. Applications such as incomplete balanced block designs for sensory testing are illustrated. Mixed‑level designs are covered through recoding 2‑level factors into higher‑level factors, handling heterogeneous numbers of levels (e.g., 2, 3, 5) by examining minimal run requirements, orthogonality constraints, and the least common multiple approach. Block effects are treated as ordinary factors in the design matrix. Practical implementation in R is demonstrated using packages frf2, doe.base, oa.design, and planor, showing how to generate fractional, orthogonal, and block designs, and how to verify design quality via the X'X matrix. The lecture then shifts to optimal designs for situations where orthogonal designs do not exist or are impractical. Three optimality criteria (D‑, A‑, G‑optimality) are defined, and the Fedorov exchange algorithm is described in detail, including random initialization, iterative swapping, and convergence considerations. The ALGdesign::optFedorov function is used to construct optimal designs, add runs to existing designs, and impose constraints. Throughout, the importance of checking the information matrix, variances, and covariances to assess design quality is emphasized.

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