The Coolest, Craziest Oral Peptides (& Where To Get Them), Boosting Testosterone Without Drugs & More With LIFE Network Expert Kyal Van Der Leest

My name is Ben Greenfield. And on this episode of the Boundless Life Podcast. Alright, get ready for a dense and practical replay episode with Life Network expert Kyle VanderLeest. We cover NAD boosters, gut repair stacks, peptides for inflammation, natural testosterone optimization, and a lot more.

You're going to walk away with a whole new world of insight on peptides.

Resources, discount codes, everything you need are at BenGreenfieldLife.com/LNKyle.

K-Y-A-L-N-N, Kyle. And, for more on all of our Life Network experts, visit joinlifenetwork.com. Picture this, you fall asleep easily and then bam, 2:00 a.m. hits like clockwork almost every night. Your mind starts racing and the clock's ticking. Accomplishing your morning task feels impossible because you know you're going to be super groggy or your wearable, your watch, your app, they keep telling you you're stressed and you're tired.

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Kyle sent over to me this peptide quick reference guide. I put it on Instagram and literally thousands of people downloaded it. I don't know if it's because peptides have been under increasing scrutiny by the FDA, but oral peptides are still pretty available because this goes into a lot of oral peptides, many that you might be familiar with like BPC-157 or GHK copper peptide, but then others that you might not be familiar with like KPV and 5-Amino-1MQ and thymosin A1 and VIP. Anyways though, I will link to this peptide cheat sheet if you go to the shownotes for today's show, BenGreenfieldLife.com/PeptidePower. I thought it would be really cool to get Kyle back on the show to talk about orally bioavailable peptides as well as a lot of the really unique products including his twist on creatine that me and my sons took before our workout this morning to test it out. I just got a package from Australia yesterday with all sorts of candy from Kyle. So, welcome back to the show, man.

Thanks for having me back. I'm glad it all arrived in time and you get to try it out. And yeah, just a little candy bribe for the kids. Really healthy ones, no sugar in them. So yeah, it's a nice treat from you guys.

Oh yeah, those are little gummies that you sent. Yeah. Do you make those gummies or were those just kind of extras?

Yeah, I wish I made them. They're fantastic. I'd love to make them as like a multivitamin with that as the base. That'd be awesome for like a kid supplement. But no, I don't make them. I just— just a favorite from over here in Australia. And yeah, thanks for having me back.

Yeah, I like them, by the way, because a lot of gummies over here, they're flavored with sugar alcohol, so they kind of bloat you. Those ones seemed a little bit cleaner. So anyways, though, we aren't here to talk about gummies, we're here to talk about peptides. But before we get in, Kyle, for people who didn't hear our first episode, which I will link to, by the way, if you go to BenGreenfieldLife.com/PeptidePower, how do you describe yourself and what you do to people.

Yeah. So I'm a qualified naturopath and nutritionist and I've basically just become a formulator and I run Level Up Health now. I have been trained in those things, so I sort of use a combination of what I learned in nutrition with naturopathy, with functional medicine. When I was younger, I straight out of university, I got a job at a hyperbaric oxygen clinic and was working at a health food store. So between those sort of two jobs, I learned so much dealing with people who were either elite athletes at the hyperbaric oxygen center or chronically ill people. And I found very quickly what I was taught in university wasn't really cutting it as far as my ability to help people. So between that job my own personal health challenges and the naturopathic store. It was just so formative, and it was like this massive trial by fire. I had to learn fast to be able to help people, and that's sort of what, what I did. And how I did it was listening to audiobooks like your ones, or listening to podcasts like yours and Ben Pakulski and Dave Asprey's— all very, very formative podcasts. And I think most people in the functional medicine space now are kind of doing the same thing. You find your information wherever the best information is. And unfortunately for me in Australia, it wasn't the institutes, it wasn't the universities, it was online. And there's a bit of dogma around that, obviously. Oh, you're just pseudoscience. And when I was doing a keto diet during my naturopathy degree, everyone was looking at me like I had two heads or like I was going to drop dead of a heart attack. But, um, yeah, just breaking free of the dogma, finding out what works, putting it together in the context of like evolutionary biology, if it makes sense. Like seed oils didn't make sense based on the way they're processed, yet that's what was being recommended. Um, and yeah, gluten, food quality, none of that was recommended. So that was sort of my own journey and my own learning, and that's sort of how I got to where I am now. As far as Level Up goes and all the products, well, there was working at that naturopathic health food store, there were hundreds, thousands of supplements that I'd recommend to people. They'd walk in, we'd do like a mini 5-minute consult, tell me your problems and I'll try and find something to fix you. And I just found a real lack of things that were beneficial, uh, maybe like 5 products in the whole store that I would recommend religiously or would believe in. And then the rest just was like synthetic forms of vitamins or underdosed or just an ineffective combination. So I'd always like recommend people buy things from overseas rather than the store that I worked at, which didn't go down too well with this, with the store, the store owner or the manager. But yeah, overseas I always had to bring in stuff for my own personal use. And frustratingly, when you try to bring stuff in overseas to Australia, a lot of the time customs seize it or just stop you from having it entirely. So there was that frustration that basically led me to formulate within Australia and create these products from over here. And now things are going well, up to 20 products 4 years later. And, um, yeah, peptides have always been the base of that because of that clinic. It was the clinic that I worked at, the hyperbaric one, was directly opposite a compounding chemist that were years ahead of the rest of the world. I believe they used to Tailor Made used to be involved with them, um, uh, in Australia. So they were pushing peptides way before the mainstream person had any idea what a peptide was. So that was really formative. And, um, when I got to using those, they just had such transformative effects on my health that I'm like, man, I gotta, I gotta bring these out to the masses. And here we are today.

Yeah, it's an incredible story. And that's the thing that I first noticed when you sent me a few of your formulations was the peptide component, which obviously is really interesting now because there's all these crackdowns, especially on injectable peptides. And, that's why I want to get you back on the show is to talk about some of these orally bioavailable peptides. But, I wanted to ask you, what's the state of the peptide industry in Australia right now? Is it similar to the U.S. where it's under increasing scrutiny, particularly the injectables?

Well, prior to the September ban from compounding chemists last year, Australia was stricter than America.

Up.

Um, a lot of them were banned already because we had this thing called the peptide scandal back in the 2000s where a professional sporting team were just shooting up AOD and TB500, and none of the regulatory bodies for, uh, in Australia knew what these were. And they kind of made them look silly because all these 20, 30 athletes taking to the field looking like super soldiers and winning games and doing fantastic. So, but, you know, they were doing something that wasn't approved. So a lot of those players ended up getting banned. They got— one of them was the MVP for the league for that season. He got stripped of that title after they found out that they were doing peptides. And as a reactionary step, they banned and put a lot of stigma around peptides within Australia. So yeah, ones like TB500 are still banned today. Um, AOD 9604, I believe, banned as well. And basically everything they took, they put on the banned list, um, in Australia.

So, and, and, and by, by the way, Cal, was that both the oral and the injectable versions?

Uh, just the injectable versions is what they were doing. A lot of the players would slander the other players by like mimicking the injectable, uh, like doing an injection on the field. That was how the other teams were kind of like petty, mocking them for doing these actually highly advanced biohacking protocols. Like, credit to the team for doing that. I know as well they were doing things like hyperbaric oxygen and red light therapy all the way back in like 2006. So they were pushing the envelope then, but maybe a bit too far ahead of the curve. But for as far as the bans and stuff, um, I think it's actually a bit more relaxed here comparative to America because you guys now have the FDA ban. For compounding chemists. That's the big thing I need to clarify, is the ban on these list of 19 peptides is exclusively for these compounding chemists. Um, and I'm concerned about that because there doesn't seem to be any good justification for why they've done that. Um, and they've also cut the head off the most pure source of these peptides. There's a lot of um, vendors of these online now that have popped up like mushrooms. And that's almost legendary to the compounding chemists that do have the FDA approval. The quality has to be perfect. It's like you've taken away the most pure and the cleanest source of these peptides with this regulation, and now people who need them are going to go without them, and people who still want them are going to get them elsewhere, right, from, from a tainted source potentially. Potentially. That's the issue when you sort of— when the dollar dictates where you get your peptides. There are really cheap options out there. Like, I can, I can see it, I've seen it myself, but these things aren't cheap. Like, they are custom synthesized a lot of the time. As a manufacturer, you know how much these cost, and then you see companies selling them for less than your cost price. It just doesn't make any sense at all. And that's sort of where that it's a bit of a— there's like a lot of landmines you can, you can step on when you're using peptides, especially the injectable ones. Like, the purity of those needs to be perfect. The quality testing needs to be there. There needs to be no bacterial contamination, no LPS, no metals, all these things that are so important and cost money to test for. As far as I can tell, a lot of these sort of fly-by-night vendors that have popped up aren't doing any of that required testing, and I just don't feel like it's a good thing that they've done that, these regulatory bans. I hope there's backlash and they, they reverse that decision and give it back to the compounding chemists. But from a policy perspective, the fact that they've done that really concerns me because they should be in the spotlight, they should be investigated, they should be studied in universities for what they can do. The biggest knock on peptides that I see and I have to acknowledge is there is a very clear lack of human evidence. There's a lot of animal evidence, but human evidence, it's just not being done because they're not patentable. Well, instead of banning them, let's fund them. Let's get this happening. You know, like, they are helping people without that robust evidence base. There's no doubt about the effects of these peptides now. People use them and they feel really good on them, and then they don't want to go back to not using them. So rather than take them away because there might be some concern over it and taking it away from the best people making them. They really just should put this into studies. They should be funded for like armed services and veterans, any sport where there's a risk of a brain injury. They should be used already proactively, or veterans returning with brain injuries or something like that. This is where they should— this is where the attention should be, not on like, oh, we don't like them because we don't know what they are, or we don't like them because they're competing with the existing pharmaceutical drugs that are out there. So that's my big spiel about what's going on. It's a bit long-winded, but I'm really passionate about this because these things have been called the future of medicine, and it's for freaking good reason. They are so pleiotropic in their benefits, they're so safe in their safety profile, they don't interact with the liver, so there's very little risk of toxicity. There's a little bit higher risk with some of these synthetic derivatives that don't come from the body. There are peptides that are naturally based and ones that are synthetic, but for the most part, they are broken down in circulation and by the kidneys. So there's very low risk, there's very high safety profile on these. And there's so many other things out there that should be under scrutiny, not these peptides.

When you were listing some of the things that would be potential concern for contamination, particularly an injectable peptide, You mentioned LPS. Are you referring to lipopolysaccharides? And if so, how do those even get into an injectable?

Yeah, well, they shouldn't be in there. That's the, the fact of the matter. But yeah, lipopolysaccharide is a, um, from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. It's highly inflammatory, and it only would get in there with poor manufacturing processes and lack of sterility. And yeah, just those two things. And they're really— there's no chance it should be in there if a company has done the testing and has followed good manufacturing, GMP, uh, facility protocols, which, yeah, majority of them out there do. There's a lot of good vendors online that do follow these practices. And if you're going to buy, make sure you buy from someone who has the testing, or if they don't have the testing, they can prove that they do it, um, not just for LPS but for heavy metal contamination.

For oral peptides with the pass-through on the kidney, are you concerned at all for people who might have compromised kidney function, or are there certain people for whom these wouldn't be a fit?

Oh, when I say they come out of the kidney, it's like the metabolites of those peptides. Like, most of the time peptides are broken down just by proteolytic enzymes within your body, like hydrolase enzymes, the main one. Um, a lot of the oral ones are only short chain, so the amino acid chain is usually between 3 and 10 amino acids long, and they're all just one of the 20 amino acids that are found in the diet anyway. So once that bond is broken and that tertiary structure, or that um, folding structure of the peptide is broken, then you're just left with amino acids. It's not too dissimilar to if you just took like an essential amino acid and you've just got them as single form in the end. It's not like you're left with a toxic metabolite, you are just left with an amino acid which can then go on and incorporate itself into your muscle or go wherever it's needed. So the breakdowns of these things is just peptides, uh, just amino acids, you know. So there's another added layer to the safety profile of these things.

Now, based on the fact that they're hydrolyzed in that manner, would it make sense from a formulation standpoint or a stacking standpoint to take some kind of like a digestive enzyme if you were to consume an oral peptide, or are they broken down easily enough without that?

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Well, taking a digestive enzyme alongside a peptide is actually a contraindicated point for when you consume them. Um, if you take— yeah, if you take it, um, side by side with your peptides, you're not really giving them a good chance. Because that's one of the things with the formulations I do is I buffer against those enzymes by, um, putting things like bicarbonate or celcoprosate sodium. These things buffer the stomach acid and prevent that pepsin— uh, pepsinogen to pepsin conversion in the stomach, because pepsin is the main proteolytic enzyme in the stomach that will break down oral peptides. So taking your peptides away from proteolytic or any digestive enzymes is important because you've got the protein and the Pac-Man next to each other. You want to kind of keep them apart, or your own endogenous Pac-Man, so to speak, enzymes buffering them and keeping them sort of away from the main ones is a great way to make sure that they get systemic. Uh, once systemic, they do last about 3 to 6 hours. Um, it is a very short half-life, and that's why certain things like the follistatin therapy, um, if you just take follistatin by itself, again, you have to take it daily, day after day after day, versus the ones that you've— I think you've done it with Adeel Khan.

Yeah, you mean the intramuscular injection, the follistatin gene therapy intramuscular?

Yeah, so the gene therapy versus just taking follistatin, your body's making that follistatin all the time versus, um, you'd have to inject it daily, probably 2 or 3 times.

Okay, so if I were to go up and have lunch after this and take your Gut Repair Formula with lunch, would that mean I shouldn't take digestive enzymes at the same time from having a meal with Gut Repair Formula?

Yeah, so when I advise people how to take the products, I always say if you can tolerate in that GI Repair Formula the zinc carnosine in the high dose then have it away from food. But if you do get a bit nauseous from zinc, which people— ironically, the ones who are most deficient in zinc tend to get the most nauseous from zinc. So yeah, if you do get nauseous from that zinc in that formula, take it with food. Otherwise, it's best to take your peptides away from food, especially if it's a high protein meal, because those, you know, endogenous enzymes that are being upregulated and the stomach acid that's being churned out in preparation or in reaction to you consuming your meal will compromise the ability of the peptides to be absorbed. Ones like the BPC-157, um, are a bit more resistant because that's where they're made, in the stomach acid. They kind of are the exception to a lot of the rules that we apply to these orally bioavailable peptides, in that it's made there and it's resistant. But, but ones like KPV or GHK copper or, um, the TB4 fragments they're more fragile and that's why we have to be intelligent in how we take them and how we buffer them or also how we deliver them. So, yeah, don't take your enzymes with your peptides would be my recommendation.

Ben Greenfield: That's really good to know. Actually, I didn't know that. So, the Gut Repair Formula, by the way, which we've mentioned a couple times, for people who didn't hear our first episode, this might help them wrap their head around your formulation approach. What all is in that?

Oh, that one's a tripeptide formula. It's got KPV, lorazetide, and BPC. Those 3 peptides are really amazing. All of them, all 3 of them for repairing the gut lining.

Can you break down what each of those are and how they work?

So BPC-157, everyone's favorite peptide at the moment. If you're into peptides, pleiotropic, pleiotropic peptide, multiple benefits mainly centered around wound healing. And restoration of the epithelial layer of the gut. It's really good for repairing hyperpermeability of the gut, as is the lorazetide, which is— they, they work in synergy together. One sort of helps with the collagen networks, it helps upregulate the growth factors required for wound healing, and the lorazetide is a zonulin antagonist, so it brings together the the lining of the epithelial wall layer. And yeah, together with KPV, which is an antimicrobial anti-inflammatory peptide, they work really well in synergy to basically fast-track your gut healing as best they can.

Now, what would be the difference between the oral bioavailability and the injectable bioavailability?

Yeah, so injectable is always going to be the gold standard for bioavailability. 100% of what you inject ends up in circulation. That's just how it is. And injectables often come as raw or lyophilized, and then you have to reconstitute with water and then inject. That's is what it is. That's great. And purity is important for those, as we mentioned, the LPS and then the heavy metals versus the oral forms. Oral forms tend to be limited by the size of the amino acid chain. The most common example of a peptide that needs to be injected that everyone says is insulin. Insulin's a 51 amino acid chain long peptide.

Yeah, so, so it's pretty big.

Yeah, and that's why all diabetics, you don't see them popping peptide or insulin capsules when they need to regulate their blood sugars. It's just too large. The, the kilodalton size and the chain lengths are too large for oral absorption. Um, but if you get around the 10 amino acid chain long mark and below, then these are called small chain peptides, and they have a much better chance of being absorbed orally. The, the smaller they get, the better. As a rule, it's, you know, not solid rule, but as a rule, the smaller the and shorter the amino acid chain, the better the chance that will be able to be absorbed. And anything under 10, with the exception of BPC-157, which is 15, But anything under 10, you do have that ability for it to cross the intestinal epithelium and end up in circulation. Every peptide has a different profile of how well it will be absorbed, and they tend to be, depending on the peptide, about the 15 to 20% mark if you just take them as a raw peptide without sort of buffering it. And if that peptide is less than 10 amino acids long, so like KPV, That's a 3, a 3-chain peptide. It's derived from Alpha MSH, the parent peptide of that. From MSH you also have melanotan, which has KPV in it as well. But melanotan is too large, Alpha MSH is too large, but KPV being that 3-amino acid peptide is small enough that if you buffer it with something like a delayed release capsule, uh, something like bicarbonate to prevent the pepsinogen to pepsin breakdown of the peptide, you don't take it with enzymes, then it will make it past and through your stomach acid, uh, well enough that you will end up absorbing it orally and it will end up in circulation where it can have its powerful anti-inflammatory effects, its antimicrobials, its anti-Candida and Lyme effects.

Well, well, KPV has some pretty cool analgesic, pain-killing, and mood-enhancing properties too, right?

Uh, that was the— that's the PEA portion of the products I use. So, okay, yeah, that's palmitoyl ethanolamide. That's one these new age or cutting edge supplements that I, I really like to recommend to people. Um, it's essentially cannabis oil for its purpose and its effect. It works on the CB1, CB2 receptors. It has the analgesic effect that you mentioned before for pain killing. Um, it's a COX-2 inhibitor, and it really just helps with inflammation. It's kind of like a turmeric and a cannabis oil combined. Without any of the cannabinoids and any of the things that people worry about with CBD. So I really love that ingredient as a functional filler in my products. I don't ever use things like rice flour or just cellulose as a filler in the products. I think that's such a missed opportunity when, you know, the peptides, they're only usually in microgram quantities. So you are left with, if it's a 700mg capsule, you're left with like 699 mg to do something to synergize with the peptides. And that's in every formula I do. That's what I, I try and utilize. If people are taking a capsule, let's just get the most out of that capsule.

I know your, your capsules are pretty jam-packed, man. That's— it's, it's crazy. And, and the PEA, based on the effects in the endocannabinoid system, would that also assist with sleep or sleep architecture?

Yeah, it can definitely do that. Um, it can also reduce your neuroinflammation levels. And because it's PA is actually a fatty acid. It has an affinity for the brain and for the heart, so it's a fantastic one for anyone who has any cardiac inflammation but also any neuroinflammation. So that the PA and the magnesium threonate I was using together when I was living really close to a cell phone tower years ago before I knew any better, and they really sort of helped me get through that along with things like methylene blue.

Yeah, the GHK copper peptide, you sent me that one. Now what would be the, the time or the reason to take that orally?

Um, so GHK is one that has that low bioavailability that I spoke of, and most people will inject it, which as a copper thing to inject, it can actually be quite painful. But you take the GHK because it's fantastic for anti-aging. It upregulates a heap of your longevity genes. Um, it helps activate your stem cells, and even if you take it orally, and it, it will end up systemic the way I formulated it, and then it has just fantastic effects for skin, for, um, the stem cells of your skin, but also for the stem cells of your gut. So in maybe 3 or 4 months' time, I'm going to actually be adding it to the GI Repair Formula because I've just found so much literature on it helping with the gut that at the moment I— with that large dose of zinc, I balance it out with copper citrate. Well, I'm just going to swap that copper citrate for the GHK copper. That way I'm still maintaining a good zinc to copper balance, but We're adding a very, very functional synergistic peptide rather than just a bit of token copper to balance those ratios out.

Yeah. And, you have this peptide cheat sheet. And again, I'll put this at BenGreenfieldLife.com/PeptidePower if people want to check it out. But, there was one oral peptide, I might have missed it or not seen it on here, but the TB4, TB4 AC-SDKP. That's not a mouthful enough. What's, what's the advantage of that one?

Well, you can see exactly why I needed to create a cheat sheet. Like remembering. Yeah, remembering.

This thing's huge. I'm holding it up.

Well, there's actually two of them. There's ACSDKP and ACLKKTETQ. Yeah, easy to remember those. I deal with them almost every day. And even still, I had to look up the second one to remember it. But these are basically the terminal ends of the parent TB4. Peptide. So TB4 is too large. Again, it's too large to absorb orally. I think it's about 40-something amino acids long.

Just to clarify, this is the thymosin beta-4 that a lot of people will inject for like inflammation or for healing and recovery, right?

Exactly. Thymosin beta-4 is the naturally occurring form, and TB500 is the synthetic analog. So it was created to give the effects of TB4, but as a more concentrated synthetic form of it. So they're basically interchangeable, TB4 and TB500, but the TB4 is the natural longer amino acid, um, and the TB500 is shorter. But from that TB4, there is an N-terminal and a C-terminal, and the ACSDKP is one of the ends and the ACLKKTETQ is the other. And basically, by taking these two short-chain peptides out from the parent peptide, you are removing all of the middle part, which some of those fragments have within that middle part of the chain of the TB4 peptide have benefits. But you can just treat— you can just take these, uh, pentapeptide and the other one, I think 7 amino acids long, and because they're now short enough to be orally bioavailable, you can then get the benefits of the parent TB4 thymosin beta-4 peptide orally.

Yeah. So for pain, inflammation, you can take this orally.

Yeah. So the each fragment does different things. So the AC SDKP is anti-inflammatory, it's anti-fibrotic, it helps with like blood vessel growth. It's good for the integrity of the epithelium and the, and the tight junctions in the body. And yeah, it's really, really good for the cardiovascular system versus the other really long one. That's where people sort of might associate the TB500 with the musculoskeletal repair and regeneration and the, the wound healing and just sort of the other part of the Wolverine stack that people say. So that's that fragment. So by combining those two together, you can have it basically have your cake and eat it too without having to inject the parent TB4 or TB500 peptide.

Okay, cool. You mentioned Tailormade Compounding back when they were still compounding peptides. A guy named Ryan Smith was involved with their company. I interviewed him. He talked about this orally available peptide called 5-Amino-1MQ. And, he's an athlete. He's not really a huckster, one of those guys who'll say, "Oh, you take this, it'll break Olympic records," but he did say that it improved his vertical jump dramatically. So, I got some and started stacking it 5 days on, 2 days off pre-workout. It's incredible. But how is that one working, the 5-Amino-1MQ?

I recently had a podcast with this guy named Morley Robbins, and he kept talking about copper, wouldn't shut up about copper for good reason. Copper is foundational for energy, for hormones, for recovery. A lot of people don't realize they may be low in copper, and it's not as simple as going out and chewing on some copper pipe or copper tongue scraper that you find laying around. You actually have to take a copper supplement. Uh, Morley's company Formula IQ makes this product called Recuperate IQ. Uh, it's not just isolated copper, it's copper paired with the cofactors that the body actually uses to handle copper properly. So it's designed to support things like mitochondrial energy and iron balance and overall metabolic health rather than just forcing a short-term effect. In many cases, uh, you'll hear people have been diagnosed with anemia, but often, as I talked about with Morley in our podcast, the real culprit is copper imbalances. So, Recuperate IQ is a way to get copper as a foundational mineral and something that supports a lot of systems that people overlook. I just started taking it. I'm experimenting with it. I feel this uptick in energy. It's especially useful if you've been running on stress for a long period of time and are slightly copper deficient. Yes, you can get copper from things like organ meats and bee pollen, but you can also supplement with it, and it's a lot easier to travel with this compared to liver and bee pollen. So, check it out, formulaiq.com.

FormulaIQ.com.

Use code BEN for an exclusive offer. That's code BEN at formulaIQ.com. And, the copper stuff is called Recuperate IQ. Quantum energy, it's the latest thing. I know, so woo. But, Leela Quantum Tech, they're very interesting. They've done 59+ research studies, 48 of which were placebo-controlled. They're bringing scientific rigor to quantum energy technology in a way I haven't seen it before. And, they're actually measuring this in real laboratory environments. They have 6 studies in progress right now to push the boundaries of what we know about quantum energy and your health. For example, they've used dark field microscopy in which they take a drop of blood and they look at it using a special form of lighting that allows them to see living cells. And those studies demonstrate significant protective and improvement effects of what they call their Quantum Bloc technology on your blood after a 10-minute exposure. I have their Quantum Bloc. It's in my kitchen. I put my coffee in it, I put my smoothie ingredients in it, I put my salads in it, I put some of my supplements in it, I put my water in it, and I just charge it up with this quantum energy. One third-party study revealed a remarkable 20 to 29% increase in ATP production when they tested cells with this Quantum Bloc. And for every product sold, they're planting a tree through One Tree Planted. So you help your body and you help the planet. And you can do all this at leelaq.com, L-E-E-L-A-Q.com. And use code BEN10 for 10% off from lilacue.com.

Yep. So that's essentially boosting your NAD levels. Some argue more than actually supplementing NAD or NMN will do. And that's because this compound, in which there's also another one called JBSNF, these two basically work to inhibit the enzyme that converts the metabolite of NAD.

Is that, is that the NAMPT enzyme?

NNMT enzyme. Yeah, it inhibits that. So instead of it being cycled out of your body as the metabolite 1-NMA, it just goes back into the NAD salvage pathway, and that can increase your NAD levels, which again, I don't need to tell people how good that is for your energy and for your muscle and for fat loss and for basically everything. It's one of the main anti-aging things that people take, but it also can sort of help your methylation cycles too. By not pushing it out of the body, you're sparing your methylation and your SAMe, but you're also boosting your NAD levels. So that's essentially, from my understanding, how the 5-Amino-1MQ works.

Yeah, that's fascinating. I had assumed based on the increase in explosiveness and power, it might be acting on the phosphagenic system or increasing phosphate group availability. I didn't realize it had that impact on NAD though.

Yeah, that's from my understanding. It might be the case too. I might not have seen completely all the research on it, but that's my understanding of how it works. And, that's why a lot of the stacks out there with it will include NAD or NMN in their formulation. So, that's— yeah, that's my understanding of how it works.

Okay, okay, got it. Now, speaking of phosphate groups, You sent me this creatine and I've always been just a pure plain Jane creatine monohydrate guy, a good pure version like at KION, we use the Creapure from Germany. But, you have this stuff called GAA. I took some before my workout this morning. My sons and I are training for a Spartan race, so we all three took it. I'm curious, what's this GAA stuff because I find it fascinating?

Yeah. So, GAA is to creatine what NAC is to glutathione. So it's the precursor. It absorbs substantially better than creatine according to the studies because there's 4 receptors in which this GAA can enter the cell and be absorbed by. There's the traditional creatine 1 receptor, but the GAA versus the creatine can go in, basically piggyback through the taurine receptor, through GABA receptors, and through passive diffusion. So in intramuscular studies and with a 4-week loading period found that GAA increased creatine levels at about 16.5 to 17% versus the same, the same time period for creatine monohydrate is about 2%. So because of its superior pharmacokinetics, you can actually end up with substantially more muscle creatine than if you were to take creatine.

Now, would you, would you stack it with creatine? Would you take creatine simultaneously?

Yeah, so there's a really good reason to do that, and that's because it's kind of a double-edged sword, this GAA. If you take it in, it requires methylation in order to be converted through to creatine intracellularly. Anything that burdens methylation tends to be a bit of a bad thing, or especially if you have methylation issues with your genes. But this can be mitigated if you take things like a methyl donor like trimethylglycine or other forms of creatine too, because, yeah, or things like B9 and B12. So that's kind of the double-edged sword nature of the GAA. But yeah, it's, it's so good and it can get into your brain about, I think it's 8 times better as well because it's such a small molecule than the creatine. So it's a really good nootropic as well and really good for cognitive decline as well.

Yeah. And sleep deprivation, by the way, with creatine, it's amazing for sleep deprivation.

Yeah. So yeah, that's one of my favorite new ingredients that I've been playing around with. I took it standalone without any of the methyl groups, without any of the B groups and without the other creatine and did notice it elevated my homocysteine a little bit. So that's the only contraindication and the thing that I always tell people to be careful with, with this thing. But the way I formulated it, there's 3 other forms of creatine and there's trimethylglycine.

That's what I was going to ask you. See, I trust you so much. I dry powdered the scoop this morning before the workout, briefly glanced at the label because it just got to the house last night. But you have like 5 different ingredients on there, but you formulated it to include the methyl donors and the creatine form along with the GAA.

Yep, I don't want to hurt people, Ben. I'm not in that industry. I don't want to— I'm trying to—

I felt pretty good.

I'm trying to give people their health in any way I can, and this GAA is certainly one of those ingredients that can do that, but it just needs to be intelligently delivered. And by putting those 3 forms of creatine with the TMG, any of the, any of the risk for homocysteine is mitigated. So yeah, I hope people really like that one. It's brand new. You're probably one of the first in the world to get it. So, uh, let's see how people go with that one. I know there's, there's so many studies on it as well. If people want to look into GAA GAA or guanidinoacetic acid on PubMed, you'll find so much, especially around— they've studied it a lot in livestock because they used to give it to their animals to increase their muscle density so they get more money for when it came time to sell their animals. So, it's been used in animal feed a lot, but now hopefully it will enter the supplement space.

Ben Greenfield: Yeah. Well, it's fantastic. Now that we're talking about on the podcast, I'm sure it will. You have a lot of other new era, you call them, ingredients that you use. Like dihydroberberine, I've talked about that one before for blood glucose management, probiotics like Akkermansia, which I've talked about for also blood glucose management and performance and gut health, paraxanthine for cognition. You use all of those, but then there's a few also that I haven't talked about before on the show I wanted to ask you about. There's one called icarin that I noticed you have in your products. What's that?

Icarin is every man's favorite ingredient they don't know about. It is basically a naturopathic version of Viagra. It is a PDE5 inhibitor and will have basically the same effects as Viagra in men. And it's derived— it's the main active from horny goat weed. So people take the horny goat weed supplement, it might make up about 0.2 to 2%, depending of the actual horny goat weed plant. But this is, this is what I call the new era or advanced supplementation. It's like instead of taking the whole herb, herb, kind of like with peptides. Instead of taking the whole parent molecule, you can just find this one small piece of it that has the desired effect, isolate that out, deliver it in high concentration without the rest of the herb or without the rest of the peptide, and then you can get like a more powerful benefit and almost like a drug-type-like effect from it.

Oh dude, I've got a date tomorrow now with my wife. I'm taking her to the new Italian restaurant. Is this in any of the formula that arrived at my house yesterday, the Cichorin?

Yeah, the icarins in my testosterone optimization product called Betanabolic.

I have that, I have that now. Okay, cool, that's good to know.

Yeah, well, the icarins in that, um, epicatechin, Fidoja agrestis, cistanche, Tongkat Ali, um, the GAA is in that Betanabolic as well, just in a rather conservative low dose, um, and one called— yeah, anacyclus pyrethrum and shilajit. So everything and anything I took to restore my testosterone levels, I just put all in one capsule.

Oh, that's incredible. So that one's called Botanabolic.

Yeah, I made that reactionarily to living in mold. Living in mold, I might have spoke about that on the last podcast. Well, it happened again. The joys of living in a humid environment. My testosterone plummeted. Free testosterone was down to like 350. So I'm like, oh no, that's not good. No wonder I feel really bad. So Once we moved out, I took that and it jumped back up to high 700s after 2 months of taking that.

Yeah. I'll have to experiment with a little bit because my last test, my testosterone had been in the 700, 800 for a while. It was down around the 400s or so. So, I may start to use that and see if I see a bump up. I'll let you know how the date goes tomorrow night too with that icaran ingredient. How about N-A-C-E-T? What's that one?

Yeah. N-A-C-E-T is NACET is just like NAC, N-acetyl cysteine, except it's got an ethyl ester group on it, making it similar to the GAA and other ingredients, way more bioavailable and way better at increasing levels, intracellular levels of glutathione. The GAA and the NACET basically do the same thing— not do the same thing, but work the same way. They're like a precursor or a different form that works better than the mainstream or the conventional form that people use. So instead of just using NAC, which has a pretty poor bioavailability at around 2 to 4%, the NACET form has about a 60% bioavailability. And being an ethylester form, it is capable of getting into the brain better than regular NAC too. So boosting glutathione levels in the brain between GAA and NACET for anyone with cognitive decline or any neurodegenerative condition, I see huge potential in these two ingredients.

Wow. Probably popular there in Australia with all the beer you guys drink, right?

For the beer. Congratulations on that last podcast. That was the last one I listened to where you spoke about alcohol. I hope you didn't get too much backlash from the hardcore people who think it's just poison and there's no safe level. But yeah, for that, it's good. It's good to take that one to salvage your brain.

Yeah, I was reading, I was reading a study this morning, by the way, just this morning on 3,000 Italian men. And, they differentiated between those who drink alcohol Mediterranean style, meaning not binging, having it with a meal in people in a social situation, very small amounts and almost like a microdosing format each day versus those Italian men who drink more like, I suppose, I don't know, Asian or Western type of approach to alcohol. And, the cardiovascular benefits were profound in the people who had a Mediterranean approach to drinking alcohol. Versus those who were drinking it a little bit more like, again, a stereotypical binge drinker. So, there is something to the context and the dosing.

Yeah. Well, one thing I'm going to make sure I don't do is promote drinking to Australians. We do not need any more excuses to do it. It's already too much of a problem.

Well, speaking of drinking, by the way, in the liver, what about Tudca? What about that one?

Yeah. So, Tudca is fantastic for the liver. If you are hammering your liver with alcohol, which we don't recommend, just be sensible. Um, Tudca can help as well. Like, I took Tudca when I lived in mold as well. Everything in the range can come back to mold in some way, shape, or form. But Tudca I first took when I was living in mold because I was developing a bit of cholestasis. So my bile wasn't flowing, my liver enzymes were elevated, and they were elevated because I basically had the drainage pathway for the liver was clogging up. It was too thick and it wasn't moving. So the first time I took Tudca I had a massive bile release. I felt like absolute crap, but it finally freed things up in my liver. Enzymes after a month sort of normalized and my liver started working again.

Okay, so would that explain— because I took 2 of those TUDCA tablets or capsules with dinner last night. A little bit of TMI here, but dude, I filled the toilet bowl this morning. I mean, I couldn't stop. Dumping. Would that possibly explain why?

Oh, yeah, yeah. I say you do the double strength too, Ben. So, if you took 2, that's 1,000 milligrams.

Yeah. Well, my bile is flowing apparently. But, if I or somebody, because I often have elevated liver enzymes sometimes just because I'm doing my blood test post-workout, which kind of artificial elevation of CRP or creatine kinase or creatinine, you'll see elevated blood values. But, If someone had consistently elevated liver enzymes, then would TUDCA be a good approach to manage that?

As far as an individual single ingredient for liver enzymes, TUDCA and taurine are the two that I recommend the most. TUDCA will, as a water-soluble bile salt, thin the bile. And as I described it, it's sort of like your drains. If your liver is the bathtub, then TUDCA allows the drain to empty and all the dirty bathwater, all the metabolites, all the toxins from your liver to flow out freely. But sometimes when you pull the plug on the bath and it's full of crap, then on the other end, there's also going to be a dumping effect. And that's where taking a binder like chitosan or even like a pharmaceutical one like cholestyramine, if you have mold, that's what it does. It's a bile binder. So those two together sort of work perfectly in synergy.

I would imagine throwing the NACET into that equation too, kind of like the typical like glutathione activated charcoal approach to mold and mycotoxin would potentially be a good strategy.

Yeah, exactly. The glutathione will provoke the mold, and then, you know, take the Tudka to increase the bile. Um, it's a cholagogue and a choleric, so increases bile production and bile secretion. And bile is one of the main ways in which we dump and get toxins out of our body. And then having a binder like the chitosan to make sure that it's removed out of your body is like the perfect sort of triple mold combination. It's one I had to remind myself because similar to you, I was taking all the glutathiones and the NACs and the Tutkas, but I kind of for a while forgot to take any amount of binder. And I had probably— I'm certain I had hepatic recirculation of these toxins.

Ah, so that's why it's important.

Yeah, yeah, yeah. Well, mold's a hard thing to get out. Plus also you've got what's called the estrabolo too, which will liberate metabolized estrogen. So I had issues with estrogen and mold and without the binders like the calcium D-glucarate, um, or what's the modified citrus pectin. Those two are fantastic for clearing out the estrogen. I think the modified citrus pectin does estrogen and mold together, so that's a fantastic binder for people. But the chitosan was really important because I was taking my liver complex formula, which has the NAC, it has globe artichoke, it has, um, uh, what's the other ones, uh, regular NAC and taurine and glycine and all these this, you know, bile production, cholagogue, choleric herbs and ingredients with the turmeric, and it was just too much, similar to what you've described. So adding back the binder certainly helped with that, and that's just your detox basics on how to, how to actually get stuff out of your body when you're sick.

Why don't you formulate a binder with Level Up Health that you could sell as a package with the Todd Carey Deliver Support?

I should do that, but I believe Quicksilver Scientific's Ultra Binder has that covered.

Yeah, I have that by my bedside, by the way. I just didn't take it last night.

Well, take it tonight if you do the same, same thing. But usually, usually that effect isn't prolonged or lasting. It's usually if you've not taken it for a while, you might have some degree of thickening of the bile, especially if your liver enzymes are sneaking up. And it's usually that first one, that sort of massive dump that might happen when that bile dump onto your stomach that might happen., and it can also cause some nausea as well, or it can cause like a Herxheimer reaction because all of these toxins that are all of a sudden being released upon your microbiome, they're not happy about it either. And then they have a little reaction to all of the toxins and all of the bile secretion as well. Plus bile is— bile has antimicrobial effects. Bile's fantastic for anyone who has any sort of bacterial overgrowth. So taking Todkar can help with fungal and bacterial overgrowth. In the upper small intestine.

Oh, so you mean something like SIBO, it could have an effect on that?

It absolutely does, yeah. And a lot of time people with SIBO tend to be on lower fat diets, so they don't have as much bile secretion.

Yeah, okay, that makes sense. What other of your kind of new era ingredients, or oral peptides as you refer to them, are you excited about or haven't we talked about yet?

I really am digging one called 7,8-DHF, or dihydroxyflavone. This one is kind of like lion's mane mushroom, um, in that it has BDNF effects in the brain. Um, it promotes this— the growth and survival of neurons, similar to something like your peptide, the dihexapeptide. But this is a natural flavone. Uh, it's, it's also known as tropoflavin. This one's really exciting to me, and it's not on that cheat sheet.

I was just looking on the sheet because I don't recall seeing it on there. Okay, go ahead.

This one's actually a natural botanical source one, um, but I'm working on something on the back end which I'll sneak peek to people. It basically has liposomal dihexa, liposomal P21, and these are two of the most potent BDNF-promoting peptides that are out there. Dihexa has been— has like the sales line of it's 1,000 times more potent than BDNF in the brain. So that's sort of— that's dihexa. I'm going to be using that and making it liposomal. So by making it a liposome, that is another way that you can protect peptides from, from basically degradation. The phospholipid bilayer acts as a layer of protection and it also offers a delivery mechanism, a way to actually get it in the body as a fat. So we're going to liposome those, combine it with the 7,8-DHF and the other form, which is called 4-DMA-7,8-DHF. So they're basically metabolite and the precursor of it. I was chatting to Sean Wells about it and he's, he's the one who recommended I use that one.

Yeah, he's a great formulator.

Yeah, yeah, yeah. Definitely someone I aspire to be like and love all these ingredients as you do as well. That we spoke about the dihydroberberine. Well, credit to him for bringing that to the market and the paraxanthine as well. Like, I love that ingredient.

Well, you could, you could add paraxanthine to that nootropic formulation we were just talking about.

Yeah. I, I could. I'm more targeting things like neurodegenerative things, so I'm going— yeah, I'm going— I'm going to add the GAA to it because I think that's just fantastic to increase brain creatine levels. The NACET will be in that formula, so that again sort of increasing brain glutathione. But then having all of the, uh, the, uh, what are they called, BDNF herbs like lion's mane mycelium and the 7,8-DHF combined with like a blood flow thing, go to cola, that's going to be coming out. That'll be called Neuro Regenerate. So that's a sneak peek to something that will be available in about 7 to 8 weeks' time.

Hopefully. Like a great, great stack to take with a microdose of psilocybin.

Exactly right. Don't think I'd get away with putting the psilocybin in that one. But yeah, for those who have access to it, go for it.

What else are you working on?

I'm bringing out lorazetide as a standalone. That lorazetide acetate is actually a synthetic patented form of peptide. So it is owned by a pharmaceutical company. So I'm moving away from that because I don't want to really annoy a pharmaceutical company. So we risk custom synthesizing it as lorazetide sodium instead of acetate. Sodium and acetate are just salt forms bound to the peptide. And by using sodium, it's basically going to give you identical effects to acetate because both of these have pretty poor bioavailability, which for lorazetide I need to say is actually a good thing. If you are trying to heal the gut, because if it gets into circulation, that's great. It can help with like leaky brain, um, reducing zonulin in the brain, which can then tighten the blood-brain barrier. But in the epithelium, zonulin kind of acts on the surface of your intestinal epithelium. It doesn't need to get systemic to have that anti-leaky gut effects that it does, and it can help restore those tight junctions. But just at the epithelial layer. It doesn't need to be systemic. But that said, systemic, it can have huge benefits. Like we've got tight junction proteins in multiple locations in the body. It's not just the brain and the epithelium. It's also in the kidneys, in the lungs, in the liver. So when you have too high a level of zonulin, this has sort of systemic effects, not just because it causes leaky gut, which then subsequently has an immune reaction and sort of preoccupies your immune system in the GALT and the mucoid-associated lymph tissue. Um, but it also can open and increase the permeability for toxins to the brain. Like, this is a huge topic of discussion with people with neurodegenerative conditions, is leaky brain hypothesis, where if your brain's— your brain blood-brain barrier, which is probably the most tightly regulated of all of the barriers in the body, if that becomes leaky, then things like endotoxins, things like metals that might have been absorbed dietarily or even injected via tainted peptides or other injectable therapies, they have the chance of ending up in that, in the fatty tissue of your brain. So integral blood-brain barrier is probably one of the most important things you can do to reduce your chance of neurodegenerative conditions.

I've been aware of that for a while. You're preaching to the choir. The first 3 chapters of Boundless, a major thrust of that is maintaining integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Just because it's so important and so clutch to the rest of the book as far as implementing a lot of the physical and anti-aging strategies within that book. You know, I addressed it in the first few chapters.

Yeah, very important. And to address that, we, we're using a new form of the lorazetide called S-phenylacetyl. So unlike the sodium, this one will have good oral bioavailability and be able to get systemic and have that that systemic effect while the sodium has that local effect on the gut. So, just utilizing lorazetide best we can with that one.

Ben Greenfield: Yeah. You talked about follistatin. When it comes to muscle maintenance or some of the effects someone might be looking for from something extreme like follistatin gene therapy, which a lot of people aren't going to do or may not have access to, are any of these formulations, peptides, or these new era ingredients good for folostatin stimulation or just staving off muscle loss or engaging with better muscle gain in general?

I don't have anything for folostatin. I think the therapy you've done, when I have the chance, I'm going to meet with Adeel Khan and get the same thing.

I'm 9 pounds of muscle up in the past 10 weeks, by the way. I'm not even wearing my self-quantification ring or wearables anymore because they don't fit.

Wow.

Yeah. I know Dave Asprey got it done as well, and because of that, you can't keep a shirt on him anymore. That must be saying how well it works for body composition. But that's, that's awesome. I heard your, your, um, your podcast with him and wanted to ask how you were going with that one. Um, but that's, that's awesome. I'll definitely be looking into that one. Um, but as far as what I have and what I'm aware of that can offer that, it's just increasing your testosterone levels is fantastic. I hope people don't turn to TRT too quickly. I'm seeing a trend where people in their late 20s and early 30s are jumping on TRT just because of all the things that disrupt our hormones. Um, it's pretty common for men to have like 200 to 300, even lower testosterone level, especially if they've jumped on things like SARMs, which I promoted them maybe 5 years ago, and now I really wish I didn't because that— they did tank my levels. Things like red—

peptides are far safer in my opinion than SARMs.

Absolutely. The SARMs are banned, and I think that actually have pretty good reason for it. Like, there's they're not, they're not completely bad if you know what you're doing and you're aware of the side effects, then great. But they do definitely suppress your testosterone, no matter what someone selling it will tell you. It happens, and I've seen it in my own bloods. So think taking things like Tongkat Ali and Anacyclus pyrethrum and Shilajit, and, uh, what's the other one, Fadogia agrestis, but in a low dose. All these are going to increase your luteinizing hormone levels, your FSH levels, and then subsequently bring up your testosterone. And that's sort of what I found to be really beneficial for my muscle and my performance. But combining the GAA with those things has been really good for my gym performance.

Yeah, I can't wait to see how it feels for me to stack the GAA for a few weeks. I'm just going to start using it pre-workout, so stay tuned. I'll fill you in.

Yeah, the other one that I have— I mentioned that betanabolic formula too, but it's called epicatechin. You would have heard of that one before. That's the myostatin-inhibiting ingredient. I really enjoyed that one as well.

Wait, what's it called again?

Epicatechin. I think it's from dark chocolate.

Oh yeah, yeah. Is that in the Botanabolic?

Yep, that's in that at a good dose as well. So that's a myostatin-inhibiting natural. There is things like YK-11, which is a SARM, which is meant to work on the same sort of pathway of myostatin inhibition, but I much prefer the, the safe version in epicatechin. Uh, not epicatechin, sorry.

Yeah, I would say the only thing you might throw into the mix depending on how resistant someone is to increasing testosterone would be possibly not a SARMs but a SERMs like a selective estrogen receptor modulator like enclomiphene. A lot of people are seeing good results with that approach without using testosterone replacement therapy per se just because you can get similar effects without the downregulation fertility or the ball shrinkage or anything like that. That would be like, yeah, not Clomid but enclomiphene.

Yeah. I've not used that myself, but that's one that I would have no hesitations in recommending to people.

Yeah. Yeah. Well, this is fascinating, man. Anything else that you were super excited about that we failed to mention here?

I think we've covered most of the new ones. Maybe just the AC Fragments bringing that one out. That combined with the BPC together, now you can have your oral Wolverine stack rather than having to inject them. Right.

The AC Fragments being the TB500 version and you combine it with the oral BPC.

Exactly right. Yeah, those two together are just going to be game-changing for people's recovery. And I hope that, you know, all these crackdowns sort of ease up so people can have complete unencumbered access to these things. Not just from my perspective, it'd be good, but also for like athletes. Like, people— professional athletes have maybe a 10 to at most 15 to 20 year window in which they make their money and make their careers. So if we can have these accessible to these people and allow them to get the most out of that short window, then I think So, that's only going to be a good thing.

Ben Greenfield: Yeah. Well, it's worth the wait time, folks, for the shipping from Australia. These are obviously, as you no doubt know after listening to this show and hopefully the first one too where we get into Kyle's story a little bit more, just amazing, very unique approaches to formulation. So, Kyle, you're kind of a diamond in the rough and I'm glad I discovered you. I don't even remember how I found you. Anyways though, this Peptide Cheat Sheet. I'm going to put it at BenGreenfieldLife.com/PeptidePower. That's where I'll put the peptide cheat sheet if you want to download that and take a dive. It's super fascinating for you geeks out there, some good bedtime reading to put you to sleep. I'll also put the shownotes in here. I've got discount codes on Kyle's stuff. I'll put those in there so you have links to his website and you can save a little bit. And, as usual, Kyle, this has been fascinating.

Thanks for having me on, Ben. I will mention the peptide cheat sheet. It's got over 30 32, I think, different peptides, just a basic user's guide. If you want to learn all the mechanisms and all the dosages and stuff, it's a little bit simple for that, but—

I've got so many different cheat sheets on my desk. Right now, it's next to my shortcuts cheat sheet for my Superhuman Email program. So, yeah, I'm a junkie. I print this stuff out and just keep it on hand till I have it all memorized.

Yeah. The intent behind that is just to create awareness of these things. If they're trying to take them away, if more people know about them, there's going to be more resistance to their ban, if, if it is at all coming down. And ultimately, similar to how we see far more organic food in the supermarket— well, there's a demand for that, so therefore they are meeting that demand. If there's a demand for peptides, then taking them away is going to be so much harder. So I just hope that helps people be aware of the ones and allows people to self-experiment and try them out, either from me or any of the other vendors that sell them. I only sell the oral peptides, so if you wanted to try injectable forms, I'm sure you've got people that you're affiliated or know, Ben, that you can recommend as well? Because I don't, I don't think it's safe for me to do injectable peptides in Australia. It would create too big of a target.

I usually recommend Limitless Life here in the US. That's one place I've been sending people.

So yeah, yeah, they're doing, they're doing good injectables. Like, I nod my head, nod my head to them, nod my hat to them. So yeah, um, have a check out the cheat sheet, um, educate yourself on them if you don't already know. If you do know, it's so hard to remember all the names, as I said before. So having it all in one page to look at that just certainly makes my life easier when I'm trying to figure out, oh, what one might be best for immune system, or what might be best for anti-aging, or the brain. So they're all kind of categorized and, and made easy for everyone.

So it's a great resource, free download, bengreenfieldlife.com/peptidepower. Kyle, thanks so much, man, for getting up bright and early Australia time, butt crack of dawn, and doing this. I appreciate you, man.

Thanks for having me on again, Ben. It's always a pleasure.

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