Anne Truong MD explains how chronic inflammation, gum disease, high blood sugar, smoking, and inactivity damage the endothelium. Oxidative stress reduces nitric oxide production, allowing cholesterol and calcium to deposit in vessel walls and form plaques that narrow arteries.
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When the endothelium is not healthy, just from having inflammation or gum disease or even high blood sugar or a poor diet, or even not even exercising and having high blood pressure and smoking, it activate the oxidation cycle, which is the ros, and then it loses the production of nitric oxide and then it becomes more inflamed. So when it becomes more inflamed, the barriers start to be broken and then toxins start to go into the smooth muscle layer of the blood vessel, creating something like this picture here that I'm showing. The cholesterol and the calcium seep into the muscle layer, which then create a plaque like substance which then block the flow of the blood flowing in through the blood vessel.