Smoking raises mortality risk by 50%, but being weak versus strong raises it by 250%. People in the bottom quarter of VO₂ max have 400% higher mortality risk than those in the top 2.5%. Cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength are the two strongest predictors of how long you live.
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The two metrics that are most significantly associated with longevity— so if we were to stack up every possible known risk factor— smoking, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, end-stage kidney disease— they're quite big. You know, hypertension is about a 20%, type 2 diabetes is about a 30% increase in mortality, smoking is 50%. Being weak relative to being strong is about 250%. Having a very low VO2 max in the bottom 25% of the population versus being in the top 2.5% of the population is about 400%. When you line everything up, the two things that stand out the most are incredible cardiorespiratory fitness as measured by VO2 max and strength, and then a third is muscle mass. But I think when you look at the data, you realize muscle mass is so coupled to strength that that association is tight. Point being, even if you never once care to do a heavy squat or a heavy bench press or a heavy deadlift, you have to be strong.