Excerpt from a Jeff Bezos talk (YouTube) arguing that invention requires frequent experimentation and that many experiments will fail; he contrasts experimentation with operational excellence and uses Amazon fulfillment centers as an example of repeatable operational processes, not experiments.
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If you want to have more invention, you need to do more experiments per week, per month, per year, per decade. It's that simple. You cannot invent without experimenting. And here's the other thing about experiments. Lots of them fail. If you know it's going to work in advance, it is not an experiment. And what happens in big organizations, that Amazon's a big organization now, too, the Air Force is a big organization, is that we start to confuse experimentation with operational excellence. Operational excellence is one of our four key principles. @ Amazon, we're building a fulfillment center. We've built over 150 large fulfillment centers around the world. Now we know how to do that. That is not an experiment. If we build the 151st fulfillment center and screw it up, that's just a failure.