How to Redefine problem statement ?

How to choose the problem and how to really define it, how to do research and how to really redefine my problem statement to start my project. Many people are stuck here. Many people are able to. Some people are able to get a clarity, but majority of the people mindlessly wander here losing their entire path and interest towards a topic. It's because you have not followed a methodology or a framework and you have not used your creativity to free flow that information. You don't know how to balance your statistical mind and what to balance your creativity mind to really know what impact you're creating with that. You will not need anything if you have that clarity. Yes, you are retuning yourself into a proper way. You are going into a proper area where you're solving problem and you are getting results if you are in that zone. Yes, this podcast is going to exactly address you by the steps and tips. What I'm helping you with getting clarity over here. Okay, so welcome guys, welcome to this podcast. Now let's dive into the steps for how you can redefine the problem statement. Welcome guys, welcome, welcome. Thank you for staying tuning in with me with Design for Change podcast with Jagdish. Thank you. So now research. Okay, let's say, let's understand how to first redefine the problem. To redefine the problem, there are various aspects, guys, the first step is actually research. You need to understand whenever you are trying to take a problem. Second, I'll tell you how to take a problem, but you can just take any problem as of now. Like let's say if you wanted to solve a problem of transport, like let's say lorry transport is getting very high, some kind of a pollution is happening, some problem is there. Okay, because if I say with an example, you will be able to relate it quickly. So first try to gather as much as information as possible from your end. Okay? Before going into online, that is exactly called primary research. When you collect a data from yourself, like let's say if you call 100 lorry owners, okay, transport, you're taking lorry and then you try to understand what's their pain point, what problem they're going through and what are the exact solution which you can try to offer. You can. You are just trying to understand that, not giving solutions but trying to understand that possibilities. This is called primary data. When you go for an online research of how much lorry association is running in India, how much lorries are currently in road and how much lorries are in maintenance, how much lorries are solving which, which like serving which, which commodities. Like let's say milk, let's say vegetables, let's say fuel. So out. If you take this data from Internet, this is called secondary research. Simple guys. Primary is your own data, secondary is somebody else's data. You need to credit it properly with the proper sources and information where you're taking from. And in that information you can use Chat GPT also it's a very good tool to analyze raw data. See once you're choosing a problem like let's say if you, if you wanted to find more data relating to transport, you can use Chat GPT. Chat GPT will give you a lot of information about how specifically can get that information and data and stats regarding to that. In fact, Chat GPT will give you some websites and resources where you can find all this information about transport very detailed in fact. Like how much vehicles are deteriorated per year, how much fuels are getting consumed because of this. What is the labor hour rate for drivers and what is the labor loss regarding to drivers, how much they need to be paid, how much contract employees are there, how much full time lorry owners there. So all this information you can get. The second tool, what you can use to put this data is Miro. Miro is a very good collaborative tool, particularly if you're working in a team. It's a very good way to start putting information together there and you can put it in ppt, Word, Excel, slides. That doesn't really matter guys, okay? You have to collaborate, you have to put all this information and then you can use a Google search. Also the reason between Google search and Chat GPT is different is chatgpt is very specific to the point where you can diverse your research. Google is very generic. You will mindlessly search and end of the day, after two hours you will find only few information. But in Chat GPT you can find in two minutes that same information whatever you're looking for in two hours. Okay? So you need to know how to do that. And then once you are getting some clarity then you can go to the relevant website also to refer. Okay, let's say if you're I told you like lorry association, who is the president, can you get an appointment to go and talk to this guy to understand so this kind of a website search information relating to that, their blogs, their post, their social media page, their landing pages, their advertisements, their, their, their book. Like let's say if they release some books, if they release some news articles, newsletters. Please go and read that. This is how you collect information. Yeah, Jagdish what will happen here if I keep on collecting? With that we'll go for the second step. Analyzing your question, analyzing your problem, analyzing your research data. Right? It's the second thing asking questions. See, you need to know to ask five different type of questions. Why you are solving this problem. Whom you wanted to really address this problem for. Where is this problem really becoming big issue? When it is happening, is it going to happen in the future? Is it happening now or it's already happened, Many problem would have already happened. You are going to solve it and how you are going to solve it. See, when, where, how, what, who. Asking questions will give you clarity on where your research is leading to. See, in step one you collected huge data, right? Using charge, using Google, using YouTube, using ping, the using social media pages. All these. You don't know where you're leading to. You're just trying to solve some problem for a transporter but you don't know what problem exactly you're going to solve. You might solve using drone instead of lorry transport, use small drone. I'm not saying this is the solution but I'm saying you're not coming to the solution. You're just trying to understand the holistic point of view. Second is you're getting little more narrower by asking questions. See this is very important step. People don't do this. People never do this. I've seen people jumping directly into the solution. Even if they collect information from information, they'll go directly into solution. No, we need to analyze and inform. We need to analyze and get a proper clarity where we are leading to. That's why I told you five different type of questions you can ask. Step two, Step three is making a cause and effect analysis. See, try to find out the cause for the effect. Like let's say more than 30 percentage of the lorries are getting accident in hilly region. Okay. We're trying to understand that. Okay, let's. Let's go from broad. Let's say 30% of the lorry are getting accident. If you're going to find out the cost for it, oh it's because of. Okay. All these accidents are happening in let's say Gujarat. Okay. Out of this Gujarat, 30% of the accidents are happening. 90% of the accidents happened in hilly region. Oh. Out of this 90 percentage who happened in hilly region, 50% of the lorry drivers are slept or half asleep or they have a distracted mind when they went for the vehicle. When they. What do you call, drove the vehicle out of them. 50% of the people do not have a proper livelihood. Their salary is very low. They are broke financially. See, now you're going more understanding the cause of the problem. If you're able to give a proper compensation. If you're able to give a proper work life balance for these people. If you allow that people to only drive in the daytime. If you're allowed to able to keep a mechanism in your lorry where if you if you're falling asleep or if you're something like alcoholic or something, the lorry will automatically stop that feature then you're going to solve the problem. See, I've given you solutions also. Why I giving you solutions is you should not get that solutions right now. Everybody will tend to make that mistake here. I'm deliberately telling this because people will jump to solution. Hey, I will provide a mechanism like this. Hey, I'll provide a good work life balance. Hey, I will provide. No, try to understand only the reasons. See, I've told you the mistake and I'm telling you the real reason. Try to understand what is creating this effect. Lorry accident has happened. Good. What is the cause? Okay, because of sleepy cause. Okay, because of psychological stress. Okay, because of hilly region. Okay, because if you ask this, you will find a cause and effect pattern happening for your problem. See, from raw data you asked questions from questions you moved into cause and effect from there. The step four is to make a mapping out of it which is called Fishbone diagram. They call cause and effect. See, this podcast is not to explain you what is fishbone? Fishbone is simple. I'll give you a layout but you can definitely do a search about it. It's a very simple thing. You can watch one short YouTube video to understand what is when you have a particular effect happening and what are all the causes for it. Have you seen the backbone of a fish? One stick, one bone, small slender bone will be there. A lot of branches will spread out. Same like that. That particular center one is a effect. And around, around whatever lines are going is a cause. Take our spinal cord. We have one spinal cord and multiple branches of bone growing here, right? That is called fishbone, something like that. Cause and effect analysis. When you're able to map it in a software like Miro or you can do it in your paper pen also guys, sketch pen board. That's totally fine. Then you try to finalize exactly what kind of a problem is happening. Okay, so I am finding out one thing out of my transport problem. 40 to 55 people of the age are having this accident problem. And out of them 90% of the people have slept. See in the hilly regions. So I am now finding out a target market. I am now finding out a age group. I am not finding out a exact region which is hilly. And then I am finding out lorry. And I'm finding out car and I'm finding out bus. See, now I can diversify from here to a different segment. Because my age is grouped. Because my accidents and everything is grouped. Hilly regions is grouped. Now we are going to go. See, you can go only for lorry also. You can go to multiple also. But you need to stay specific in that target market. And you can do another step which is fifth one which is called 5Y Analysis. See, this is very important. Why it is happening. Why this person is having this problem? Because of psychological. Why this person is having psychological problem because of which the road accident happened. Because he has a family problem. Why he's having family problem? Because he and his wife is not having proper communication between their priorities and their family. Okay. Why they're not having proper communication priority? Because in their family there is a lot of financial problems. They're not able to talk properly. Why they're having financial problem? Because they are not having to paid properly. Why they are not paid properly? Because he's working in some kind of a contract work. Why he's working in contract work? Because he's not educated. He's not having any skill. Why he's not having any skill? Because he has not taken efforts to learn it. Why he has not taken effort to learn it? Because he's basically a lazy person. See, you can stop anywhere and ideate or you can go to the deep answer. Why? Why? Why? Ideally speaking 5 to 7 why you need to ask for your problems. Guys, see from raw abstract data how you are getting more clearer in your research. This is how you try to redefine your problem. Right? And the step six is to map your insights. Whatever you did so far. Okay, the raw data you've collected, you five questions, what you asked and the cause and effect. You understood the fishbone diagram. You made the 5Y analysis and then you try to insights 5 to form an insights. See, insight is something like. Okay, I'm going to be helping people in this category to solve. Okay, I can see 50% of the people are getting psychological problem when they do drive lorry in night time. See, this is an insight. You're not trying to figure out a solution here. You're just stopping here. Okay. People who are having the lorry type like let's say Volvo brand lorries okay. Or let's say Mercedes Benz lorries. These people have a safer drive. People who ride Tata trucks, they have this problem. Why? Because of the comfort, because of the seating, because of the ergonomics. Because of the UI and UX display in the panel board. What is the reason? See, now we are going more clearer in your redefinition of your problem. And when you're able to make an insight, try to brainstorm with your team. See step six is very crucial. You need to form insight. You should not get biased. Ask your team, ask your boss, ask your client, ask your business owner. And then make up proper understanding of it. See, you can do qualitative and quantitative. From here you can collect more quality data about your particular topic. More deep, deep, deep. More deep about your particular Lottie accent, psychological stress problem. And you can also go wide quantity. You can ask 100 lorry drivers what is the problem? See, quantity. Quantitative is quantity numbers. Qualitative is very deep quality. Like let's say I'm going to help 100 lorry drivers solve this problem that is quantitative numbers. I'm going to be solving problem of lorry drivers. How somebody cannot drive the lorry even if they are alcoholic. See, I'm going more deep into that problem. And it's a quantitative and qualitative research. Both are problems only. But you are using an approach to find out. You can use both approach guys for one particular problem. You can ask hundred people more qualitative data. Simple. That's also good. You can ask one people more qualitative data. You will get small input 100 people. If you ask, you will get 100 input thousand people. If you do research what will happen? You will get quantity as well as quality. Both. That's the real crux of it. And once you have this clarity then go and find Persona exactly for it. Then try to define a target market for it. Then try to create a medium for how you can able to solve it. Are you going to design a product? Are you going to design a comfortable ergonomic seat for the driver? Are you going to See, you don't know how to design seat but you're trying to solve. You're trying to tell I'm going to design a seat because seating comfort is the exact root cause of the problem in YU analysis. Go to Tata manufacturer propose and pitch this project in the Tata Designers LinkedIn page. And most probably you will get hired also. And maybe you will get a chance for interview also to showcase your work. See this is how you convert As a result guys See, problem statement definition is not a theoretical work, it's a magical work which can turn the tide of your project in a different light. Because you have a clarity in your problem. You have a Persona, you have a target market, you have a medium to solve how you're going to solve. You're not only designing seed, let's say if you design an application which is a dashboard having clarity of if you are having alcohol, your dashboard will say hey, don't start the vehicle because you're alcohol. I will not allow you to start because the ignition will not switch on. Yeah, you can create that interface also you can create the software also don't restrict for physical and digital solution guys. Have an open mindset to solve the problem of driver, solve the problem of accidents coming down. Don't try to create dashboard always. Don't be a graphic designer always. Okay, Try to become a problem solver. Don't become a product designer, also try to solve the problem. That's holistically to say and then you define a timeline. I'll be solving this problem by end of this year. See, and how much impact I can create. I can save more than 500 plus people every single year if I implement this solution. See, my solution is going to solve problem of 500 lives of drivers who is having an age of 40 to 55 age and I'm going to help them design a seat comfortable for them. And then I'm going to be solving this problem at the end of the year. See, when you have this five elements put into it, your problem statement is defined. Okay, just quickly recap. You're doing a raw research using online. You're documenting that information, going to the source of the information, collecting primary information about drivers and all these things in lorry. And you're going to do a secondary research by using website. And second, you're asking questions when, who, how, what, where. And then you're going into the cause and effect of it and then you're making a fishbone analysis of it and then you're asking why? Why Analys to understand exactly the problem of it. And then your insight mapping is happening, you're brainstorming with your team and then you're rooted in a proper direction to take qualitative or quantitative approach to start redefinition in that problem redefinition. You're trying to find a Persona impact, how much it's going to create, what is the target market size and what is the medium you wanted to solve. It's a physical part, additional product and what is the timeline. With that you will do a proper problem redefinition to start your project. This everything could be done in two hours. This everything could be done in even two days. This everything could be done in two months. Based on the depth you go, you can diversify your research, guys, again to just take away. I'll tell you, you can do a call to action like this. You can first subscribe my podcast channel because you can hear a lot many things. Of course that's also needed. Second is you can use a tool toolkit called ideo. Okay, I'll be pasting you the link for this in this particular podcast, guys. Find below and you can use IDEO toolkit to frame your problems properly. So whatever I've told you, no IDEO has its own way to do. See, honestly speaking, I've only gone through a surface level of it deeper I don't go after this podcast, I'll be going through that deeply because I should also understand that whatever I've said, you coming from my experience and my framework and my knowledge and my experience guiding more than hundreds and hundreds of students. Okay, but IDEA has its own way framework to do. You can use that template. Second gift which I'm going to go through is because it's a longer podcast you've listened, I wanted to make sure and appreciate you that you're damn serious towards research, damn serious towards your design career. And for that I'm going to be giving you an exchange of my own framework of how you can take that template and you can download that PDF file and it's a fillable PDF file, guys. It's a cool color PDF file. Only you can take a hard copy printout and you can redefine your problem there using that particular boundary if you're completely lost. Because that framework will give you a clarity at the end of the framework you will be having a problem statement definition. Guys. First try your attempt of this information what I've given and then use these two resources. One is idea toolkit, another my toolkit. Okay, with that being said, you are going to make an excellent career in design, guys, when you understand this important what you call clarity of redefining your problem. Thank you so much, guys. Thank you for staying tuning me in this podcast. Thank you so much. If you wanted to connect with me and if you wanted to take my mentorship and support or if you want to refer your friends for that, it's also a great help, ask them to send an email to me. I'll be helping them out. But if you wanted to get subscribed, please subscribe. Give me a good ratings if you find this podcast valuable in Apple Spotify and get notified for further episodes. Okay? So thank you so much guys. Take care. All the best. Bye bye.