Cauzele AUTISMULUI: ce spune știința | cu Prof. Sergiu Pașca

11 Jun 2026 · 17 min
17:00

In this Romanian‑language interview, host Mihail Pautov talks with Prof. Sergiu Pașca about the scientific journey that turned the rare Timothy syndrome into a prototype for understanding and treating autism. Pașca explains how the discovery of a CACNA1C calcium‑channel mutation that keeps the channel open for milliseconds sparked a focused research program. Using patient‑derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the team differentiated neurons, measured calcium influx with fluorescent reporters, and observed a two‑fold increase in calcium entry and prolonged channel opening in Timothy‑syndrome neurons. To capture more brain‑like circuitry they progressed from 2‑D cultures to three‑dimensional brain organoids, which revealed additional cellular and network defects. Leveraging the knowledge of the mutation’s effect on splicing, they designed a short antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that redirects the CACNA1C transcript to use a downstream exon, effectively normalising calcium dynamics. The ASO is administered intrathecally; pre‑clinical safety studies in mice and macaques show no major adverse events, and the treatment corrects cellular phenotypes within days. Because Timothy syndrome is extremely rare (≈20‑30 diagnosed patients worldwide), the therapeutic development is a proof‑of‑concept for a broader class of autism‑related genetic variants. Pașca discusses the larger autism genetics landscape—over 200 risk genes have been identified, but it is unclear whether they converge on common molecular pathways or represent distinct subtypes. Recent work on a cohort of ~100 autistic individuals suggests shared metabolic and biochemical disruptions, hinting at the possibility of treatments that could benefit multiple genetic forms. The interview ends with a cautious optimism that, while many challenges remain, the Timothy‑syndrome model demonstrates how deep mechanistic insight can translate into targeted therapies for at least some autism subtypes.

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