12:55

In this Romanian‑language interview, journalist Mihail Pautov talks with ENT specialist Dr. Ioana Vodă about tinnitus – the perception of sound without an external source. Dr. Vodă explains the difference between the extremely rare objective tinnitus (muscle‑contraction sounds) and the far more common subjective tinnitus. She walks through how patients should self‑assess their tinnitus (laterality, intensity, constancy, single vs. multiple sounds, positional influence) and then describes the diagnostic toolbox: standard audiograms, extended high‑frequency audiometry (up to 20 kHz), acufenometry (frequency‑matching), and specialized tests for pulsatile forms. The conversation covers the main etiologies – acoustic trauma (e.g., loud music, firearms), ototoxic medications (gentamicin, vancomycin), micro‑vascular insufficiency, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction, and vascular lesions that produce pulsatile tinnitus. For acute cases Dr. Vodă recommends antioxidants, vitamins, and, when muscle‑related, botulinum toxin injections. Chronic management focuses on tinnitus therapy: sound‑masking, personalized background noises (sea, birds, rain), lifestyle measures (adequate sleep, hydration, avoiding caffeine and smoking), and, for vascular pulsatile tinnitus, imaging and possible endovascular treatment (stenting). The interview also touches on patient expectations, emphasizing that while complete disappearance is rare, symptom intensity can often be halved and patients can learn to “live with” the sound.

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