Dr. Jeffrey Bland argues type 2 diabetes isn't one disease but many distinct pathophysiological states that all cause insulin resistance. More than a dozen drugs have been approved because different subtypes respond to different treatments. Modern medicine created disease categories by clustering symptoms for billing, not biology.
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What we developed in the early days of medicine was to be able to very well define specific conditions that clustered around certain symptoms that we called diseases, and we then gave them names, and that became part of a diagnostic book of codes with numbers associated with them that we could then put those numbers in a chart and we could reimburse for services that were provided to that name of that disease. So if we look at type 2 diabetes, now we recognize that type 2 diabetes, this pandemic problem that we've got in our culture that's rising all the time because of insulin resistance, that that condition is not just one problem. There are many, many different ways that we can end up with our body being resistant to insulin and having type 2 diabetes. And it's, it's really why we have more than one drug that's now approved for its treatment. There are over 12 different drugs that have different efficacies in different people because it's not just one condition. There are many, many things that lead to what we name as type 2 diabetes.