2:54

In a Persian‑language interview, host SPEAKER A talks with Omid Shokri, an oil‑energy analyst based in Washington, about the recent trajectory of Iran’s crude‑oil exports. Shokri explains that after the U.S. re‑imposed sanctions in late 2018, Iran’s official (formal) export volumes fell sharply, reaching a low of about 500 bbl/day in the month preceding the sanctions. He emphasizes that the “gray” or informal market has kept a substantial portion of Iranian crude flowing, especially as summer travel raises global oil demand. The conversation then shifts to Iran’s evolving arrangement with Russia: historically, a 2011‑2013 barter‑type deal split payments between euros and rubles, but recent negotiations (c. 2020‑2022) reportedly involve Iran delivering roughly 100,000 bbl/day to Russia in exchange for payments partly in rubles and euros. Shokri notes the strategic importance of this link – it could help Iran bypass sanctions, but the exact volumes, payment channels, and ultimate buyers remain opaque. Throughout, he stresses uncertainty about who ultimately receives Iranian oil and whether Russia will open new markets for it. The interview ends with a thank‑you to Shokri for his insights.

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